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This is a Fact That People have Forgotten

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620,000 people (Americans) died in the Civil War. Roughly 2% of the population. No matter which version of history you have been taught, the bottom line is these solider’s were your average man. On either side of the war these men were still Americans and should have their memories honored. This hysteria of removing monuments, digging up graves, not allowing flags on graves is sad. It was a rich mans war and a poor mans fight. Just as most Northerners did not fight to end slavery, most Southerners did not fight to preserve it. In 1904 the Confederate monument in Gainesville was erected. In attendance were UNION and Confederate Veterans who both supported the monument. They showed each other respect as fellow Americans. They honored each others dead. Now Tuesday our commission will hear discussions about actually removing this 111 yr old monument because of this media fueled history witch hunt. If this happens, look for them to target Kirby Smith, JJ Finley, and the remaining monuments and graves in our area. Removing the monument does not end racism it only dishonors the American solider’s who died. I hope you will come out in support of keeping the statue and keeping American history alive. We can learn a lot from history and learn nothing by erasing it.

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A History Lesson

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A History Lesson from The Fayetteville (Georgia) Citizen:

This is our Local newspaper which is akin to what use to be the Camden County Tribune and The Southeast Georgian (In Camden County) before they merged. The gentlemen who write the opinion letters are very diverse, intelligent and cover a wide range of topics each week. This grabbed my attention especially, as my Mother is buried in the “Old Jonesboro Cemetery” as are most of my Pearson relatives and their spouses. The “Confederate Cemetery is right next to it.

Opinion / A little tolerance . . .
Tue, 07/07/2015 – 4:26pm Terry Garlock

Driving through Jonesboro recently, I noticed a sign directing one to the “Confederate Cemetery.” I wondered how long it will be until vandals will ride the current wave of popular sentiment to do their nasty work in that place, or in the Fayetteville City Cemetery on Ga. Highway 54, where Memorial Day services are held and where some headstones bear the crossed stars and bars of the Confederate battle flag, or in Tyrone in the small, crowded cemetery adjacent to Town Hall on Senoia Road where you can see small Confederate flags (egad!) recently stuck in the ground at the graves of Confederate soldiers by Sons of Confederate Veterans.

With one foot on either side of the Civil War by my Northern-born parents and my Southern upbringing, I have to take ownership of my attitudes, and I confess thinking years ago when Georgia had a raging controversy about the state flag that the Confederate battle flag should come down from government displays for one simple reason: too many fellow citizens see it as a symbol that excludes them.

That is enough to render that flag to an historical relic, but there it should be allowed to be displayed with Southern pride, not in shameful disgrace like the Nazi swastika.

Perhaps that Southern pride is not known or appreciated by all, certainly not by the media on the hunt to magnify every angry claim of white racism, whether real, imagined or invented.

Maybe a few media types would benefit from studying the treatment of Southerners in the aftermath of the Union victory in 1865 when carpetbaggers from the North swept in to take control. In reaction to the stereotypical ridicule of their people as backward, ignorant, inbred hicks, is it any wonder that decades after the war Southerners favored a flag that reminded them proudly of their heritage?

Yes, take the flag down since some see it as a racist symbol. I know the Charleston murderer was white, from the South and a racist, but that doesn’t make white Southerners racist. Be careful of the racism recklessly projected into the hearts of others, for it may not be there and your reaction to that imagined slight could be carried to a damaging extreme.

Activist voices are now gathering strength from the successful clamor to remove old flags and just beginning to denounce memorials depicting Confederate figures and even streets and buildings bearing the names of heroes of the Confederacy. Would they stop before revising schoolbooks?

We should be wary of those trying to purge the warts and wrinkles from our history, which is full of inconvenient paradoxes, hypocrisy and many violations of modern ideals. To comb through history and judge by current standards is a fool’s errand.

I am not excusing slavery. My guess is all but the dimwitted in America knew instinctively slavery was wrong, but people can rationalize nearly anything that is in their economic self-interest, especially when it has been handed down by generations before them and any one person had little chance of changing the system.

Even so, most Southerners did not fight for the Confederacy to protect slavery. Wealthy plantation owners owned slaves while the common man did not, but every Southerner deeply resented outsiders invading their territory and inflicting their will by force. As much as Northerners cannot understand it, Southern farm boys fought fiercely and died for the cause they thought of as their country’s freedom.

One Confederate name ubiquitous throughout the South is Robert E. Lee. Small minds that seek to vilify Lee are either ignorant of history or don’t know the meaning of honor. He was such an accomplished and respected soldier at the beginning of the Civil War that he was offered the rank of major general and command of forces defending Washington, D.C.

He said to Presidential Advisor Francis Blair, “Mr. Blair, I look upon secession as anarchy. If I owned the millions of slaves in the South I would sacrifice them all to the Union; but how can I draw my sword upon Virginia, my native state?”

When Virginia seceded shortly thereafter, Lee took a very difficult decision, especially since his family was divided on the issue of secession, resigned his commission in the Union Army and took leadership of northern Virginia forces.

During the course of the war Robert E. Lee earned respect on both sides for his wisdom, style and leadership. When he blundered, as he did when he ordered Pickett’s Charge, he confessed to his men the losses were his fault alone.

At the Battle of Appomattox Court House in April of 1865, with his army surrounded, Lee listened to his men imploring him to melt into the mountains and continue the fight as a guerrilla force, but he chose surrender as the proper course.

The next day he addressed his troops and told them, “… So far from engaging in a war to perpetuate slavery, I am rejoiced that slavery is abolished. I believe it will be greatly for the interests of the South.” Whatever his personal desires, Lee had done his duty.

Contrast Lee’s honorable conduct with William Sherman’s march through Georgia, burning farms, plantations, towns and cities, encouraging his troops to steal what they could, inflicting untold death, destruction and misery on the civilian population. But his side won the war and wrote the history making him a Union hero.

While you might call the North’s cause pure and the South’s evil, I wonder how you would explain the fact that slaves were held in the North as well? Confederate General Lee set free in 1862 the slaves he had inherited, while he was beginning the fight against the North. Union Generals Sherman and Grant did not set their slaves free until compelled to do so by law in 1865.

President Lincoln himself was not an anti-slavery activist. He wrote, “My paramount object in this struggle is to save the Union, and is not either to save or to destroy slavery. If I could save the Union without freeing any slave I would do it, and if I could save it by freeing all the slaves I would do it; and if I could save it by freeing some and leaving others alone I would also do that …”

Early in the war Lincoln conceived of the Emancipation Proclamation, not as a humanitarian gesture to set slaves free as popularly believed, but as a tool of war to inflict chaos on the South. Even when the document was finalized in the summer of 1862, Lincoln held it, waiting for a Union victory to give weight to his announcement.

Week after frustrating week he waited until finally in September Union forces prevailed at the Battle of Antietam. Lincoln announced the proclamation that would become effective when he signed it on Jan. 1 the following year, giving Confederate states the time to rejoin the Union, in which case he would discard the Proclamation and let them keep their slaves.

The Confederate states did not rise to the incentive offered and the Emancipation Proclamation did go into effect on Jan. 1, 1863, declaring the legal freedom of slaves held in the 10 states still in rebellion.

But there were about a million other slaves in the U.S. that were not affected at all, including those held by Generals Sherman and Grant and others in the North. And of course the Southern slaves had to escape their owners and make their way to the North to realize their freedom. Was Lincoln really the great Emancipator he is made to be?

Those who hold on to their reverence of Lincoln for freeing the slaves might consider another wrinkle. In 1862 Lincoln acted on his belief that integrating freed blacks into American society would be sufficiently troublesome that they should be shipped out of the country.

With Congressional funding of $600,000 Lincoln established the Bureau of Immigration and appointed the Reverend James Mitchell to run it. Mitchell and Lincoln pursued possibilities in present-day Belize, Guyana, Panama, British Honduras and Isle a Vache just off Haiti, where several hundred freed slaves were settled in 1862, but the attempt failed within a year. This attempt to export former slaves expired when Lincoln was assassinated.

One more dose of reality on Abraham Lincoln. When he delivered his masterful words known as the Gettysburg Address, he was dedicating a graveyard for the brave men who died on that battlefield. But too many Americans don’t realize his words and the cemetery were for the Union soldiers, not the Confederate soldiers who also died in those fields nearby.

The huge gathered crowd had to deal with the stench of death, mostly from Confederate corpses still rotting in the sun or shoved into shallow mass graves. Who could blame the Union graves workers for favoring their own or the locals who saw the Confederates as invaders?

Nine years later, a Richmond, Virginia group had finally raised the money to fund a body recovery expedition and they returned from the fields of Gettysburg over 3,000 dead Confederate sons to be buried with honors in the Hollywood Cemetery in Richmond.

I know I have given the false impression here that I am not a fan of Abraham Lincoln, but I definitely am. He was a great man who walked tall, and not by his height. But like all great men — like Martin Luther King — Lincoln had an imperfect record that does not negate what he accomplished.

We should be careful of the tendency to deify some historical figures and condemn others, for most of them are a mix of virtues and stumbles.

Yes, remove the Confederate battle flag from government displays. But be careful applying today’s standards to events of the past.

Trying to purge every reminder of the Confederacy, as if it didn’t happen, is a dangerous game that is not only misguided, it will further divide us and breed conflict for a very long time.

We all hope that vandals do not destroy private Confederate property but a precedence has been established by vandals – https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rosewood_massacre
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A History Lesson that Time Rewrote

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Ladies and gentlemen, I submit that what we see happening in the United States today is an apt illustration of why the Confederate flag was raised in the first place. What we see materializing before our very eyes is tyranny: tyranny over the freedom of expression, tyranny over the freedom of association, tyranny over the freedom of speech, and tyranny over the freedom of conscience.

In 1864, Confederate General Patrick Cleburne warned his fellow southerners of the historical consequences should the South lose their war for independence. He was truly a prophet. He said if the South lost, “It means that the history of this heroic struggle will be written by the enemy. That our youth will be trained by Northern school teachers; will learn from Northern school books their version of the war; will be impressed by all of the influences of History and Education to regard our gallant debt as traitors and our maimed veterans as fit subjects for derision.” No truer words were ever spoken.

History revisionists flooded America’s public schools with Northern propaganda about the people who attempted to secede from the United States, characterizing them as racists, extremists, radicals, hatemongers, traitors, etc. You know, the same way that people in our federal government and news media attempt to characterize Christians, patriots, war veterans, constitutionalists, et al. today.

Folks, please understand that the only people in 1861 who believed that states did NOT have the right to secede were Abraham Lincoln and his radical Republicans. To say that southern states did not have the right to secede from the United States is to say that the thirteen colonies did not have the right to secede from Great Britain. One cannot be right and the other wrong. If one is right, both are right. How can we celebrate our Declaration of Independence in 1776 and then turn around and condemn the Declaration of Independence of the Confederacy in 1861? Talk about hypocrisy!

In fact, southern states were not the only states that talked about secession. After the southern states seceded, the State of Maryland fully intended to join them. In September of 1861, Lincoln sent federal troops to the State capital and seized the legislature by force in order to prevent them from voting. Federal provost marshals stood guard at thepolls and arrested Democrats and anyone else who believed in secession. A special furlough was granted to Maryland troops so they could go home and vote against secession. Judges who tried to inquire into the phony elections were arrested and thrown into military prisons. There is your great “emancipator,” folks.

And before the South seceded, several northern states had also threatened secession. Massachusetts, Connecticut, and Rhode Island had threatened secession as far back as James Madison’s administration. In addition, the states of New York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, and Delaware were threatening secession during the first half of the nineteenth century–long before the southern states even considered such a thing.

People say constantly that Lincoln “saved” the Union. Lincoln didn’t save the Union; he subjugated the Union. There is a huge difference. A union that is not voluntary is not a union. Does a man have a right to force a woman to marry him or to force a woman to stay married to him? In the eyes of God, a union of husband and wife is far superior to a union of states. If God recognizes the right of husbands and wives to separate (and He does), to try and suggest that states do not have the right to lawfully (under Natural and divine right) separate is the most preposterous proposition imaginable.

People say that Lincoln freed the slaves. Lincoln did NOT free a single slave. But what he did do was enslave free men. His so-called Emancipation Proclamation had NO AUTHORITY in the southern states, as they had separated into another country. Imagine a President today signing a proclamation to free folks in, say, China or Saudi Arabia. He would be laughed out of Washington. Lincoln had no authority over the Confederate States of America, and he knew it.

Do you not find it interesting that Lincoln’s proclamation did NOT free a single slave in the United States, the country in which he DID have authority? That’s right. The Emancipation Proclamation deliberately ignored slavery in the North. Do you not realize that when Lincoln signed his proclamation, there were over 300,000 slaveholders who were fighting in the Union army? Check it out.

One of those northern slaveholders was General (and later U.S. President) Ulysses S. Grant. In fact, he maintained possession of his slaves even after the War Between the States concluded. Recall that his counterpart, Confederate General Robert E. Lee, freed his slaves BEFORE hostilities between North and South ever broke out. When asked why he refused to free his slaves, Grant said: “Good help is hard to find these days.”

The institution of slavery did not end until the 13th Amendment was ratified on December 6, 1865.

Speaking of the 13th Amendment, did you know that Lincoln authored his own 13th Amendment? It is the only amendment to the Constitution ever proposed by a sitting U.S. President. Here is Lincoln’s proposed amendment: “No amendment shall be made to the Constitution which will authorize or give Congress the power to abolish or interfere within any state with the domestic institutions thereof, including that a person’s held to labor or service by laws of said State.”

You read it right. Lincoln proposed an amendment to the U.S. Constitution PRESERVING the institution of slavery. This proposed amendment was written in March of 1861, a month BEFORE the shots were fired at Fort Sumter, South Carolina.

The State of South Carolina was particularly incensed at the tariffs enacted in 1828 and 1832. The Tariff of 1828 was disdainfully called “The Tariff of Abominations” by the State of South Carolina. Accordingly, the South Carolina legislature declared that the tariffs of 1828 and 1832 were “unauthorized by the constitution of the United States.”

Think, folks: why would the southern states secede from the Union over slavery when President Abraham Lincoln had offered an amendment to the Constitution guaranteeing the PRESERVATION of slavery? That makes no sense. If the issue was predominantly slavery, all the South needed to do was to go along with Lincoln; and his proposed 13th Amendment would have permanently preserved slavery among the southern (and northern) states. Does that sound like a body of people who were willing to lose hundreds of thousands of men on the battlefield over saving slavery? What nonsense!

The problem was Lincoln wanted the southern states to pay the Union a 40% tariff on their exports. The South considered this outrageous and refused to pay. By the time hostilities broke out in 1861, the South was paying up to, and perhaps exceeding, 70% of the nation’staxes. Before the war, the South was very prosperous and productive. And Washington, D.C., kept raising the taxes and tariffs on them. You know, the way Washington, D.C., keeps raising the taxes on prosperous American citizens today.

This is much the same story of the way the colonies refused to pay the demanded tariffs of the British Crown–albeit the tariffs of the Crown were MUCH lower than those demanded by Lincoln. Lincoln’s proposed 13th Amendment was an attempt to entice the South into paying the tariffs by being willing to permanently ensconce the institution of slavery into the Constitution. AND THE SOUTH SAID NO!

In addition, the Congressional Record of the United States forever obliterates the notion that the North fought the War Between the States over slavery. Read it for yourself. This resolution was passed unanimously in the U.S. Congress on July 23, 1861: “The War is waged by the government of the United States not in the spirit of conquest or subjugation, nor for the purpose of overthrowing or interfering with the rights or institutions of the states, but to defend and protect the Union.”

What could be clearer? The U.S. Congress declared that the war against the South was NOT an attempt to overthrow or interfere with the “institutions” of the states, but to keep the Union intact (by force). The “institutions” implied most certainly included the institution ofslavery.

Hear it loudly and clearly: Lincoln’s war against the South had NOTHING to do with ending slavery–so said the U.S. Congress by unanimous resolution in 1861.

Abraham Lincoln, himself, said it was NEVER his intention to end the institution of slavery. In a letter to Alexander Stevens, who later became the Vice President of the Confederacy, Lincoln wrote this: “Do the people of the South really entertain fears that a Republican administration would directly, or indirectly, interfere with their slaves, or with them, about their slaves? If they do, I wish to assure you, as once a friend, and still, I hope, not an enemy, that there is no cause for such fears. The South would be in no more danger in this respect than it was in the days of Washington.”

Again, what could be clearer? Lincoln, himself, said the southern states had nothing to fear from him in regard to abolishing slavery.

Hear Lincoln again: “If I could save the Union without freeing any slave I would do it.” He also said: “I have no purpose, directly or indirectly, to interfere with the institution of slavery in the states where it exists. I believe I have no lawful right to do so and I have no inclination to do so.”

The idea that the Confederate flag (actually, there were five of them) stood for racism, bigotry, hatred, and slavery is just so much hogwash. In fact, if one truly wants to discover who the racist was in 1861, just read the words of Mr. Lincoln.

On August 14, 1862, Abraham Lincoln invited a group of black people to the White House. In his address to them, he told them of his plans to colonize them all back to Africa. Listen to what he told these folks: “Why should the people of your race be colonized and where? Why should they leave this country? This is, perhaps, the first question for proper consideration. You and we are different races. We have between us a broader difference than exists between almost any other two races. Whether it is right or wrong I need not discuss; but this physical difference is a great disadvantage to us both, as I think. Your race suffers very greatly, many of them, by living among us, while ours suffers from your presence. In a word, we suffer on each side. If this is admitted, it affords a reason, at least, why we should be separated. You here are freemen, I suppose? Perhaps you have been long free, or all your lives. Your race is suffering, in my judgment, the greatest wrong inflicted on any people. But even when you cease to be slaves, you are yet far removed from being placed on an equality with the white race. The aspiration of men is to enjoy equality with the best when free, but on this broad continent not a single man of your race is made the equal of a single man of our race.”

Did you hear what Lincoln said? He said that black people would NEVER be equal with white people–even if they all obtained their freedom from slavery. If that isn’t a racist statement, I’ve never heard one.

Lincoln’s statement above is not isolated. In Charleston, Illinois, in 1858, Lincoln said in a speech: “I am not, nor have ever been, in favor of bringing about in any way the social and political equality of the white and black races. I am not nor ever have been in favor of making voters or jurors of negroes, nor of qualifying them to hold office, nor to intermarry with white people; I will say in addition to this that there is a physical difference between the white and black races which I believe will forever forbid the two races from living together on social or political equality. And inasmuch as they cannot so live, while they do remain together there must be the position of superior and inferior, and I as much as any other man am in favor of having the superior position assigned to the white.”

Ladies and gentlemen, in his own words, Abraham Lincoln declared himself to be a white supremacist. Why don’t our history books and news media tell the American people the truth about Lincoln and about the War Between the States?

It’s simple: if people would study the meanings and history of the flag, symbols, and statues of the Confederacy and Confederate leaders, they might begin to awaken to the tyrannical policies of Washington, D.C., that precluded southern independence–policies that have only escalated since the defeat of the Confederacy–and they might have a notion to again resist.

By the time Lincoln penned his Emancipation Proclamation, the war had been going on for two years without resolution. In fact, the North was losing the war. Even though the South was outmanned and out-equipped, the genius of the southern generals and fighting acumen of the southern men had put the northern armies on their heels. Many people in the North never saw the legitimacy of Lincoln’s war in the first place, and many of them actively campaigned against it. These people were affectionately called “Copperheads” by people in the South.

I urge you to watch Ron Maxwell’s accurate depiction of those people in the North who favored the southern cause as depicted in his motion picture, “Copperhead.” For that matter, I consider his movie “Gods And Generals” to be the greatest “Civil War” movie ever made. It is the most accurate and fairest depiction of Confederate General Thomas Jonathan “Stonewall” Jackson ever produced. In my opinion, actor Stephen Lang should have received an Oscar for his performance as General Jackson. But, can you imagine?

That’s another thing: the war fought from 1861 to 1865 was NOT a “civil war.” Civil war suggests two sides fighting for control of the same capital and country. The South didn’t want to take over Washington, D.C., no more than their forebears wanted to take over London. They wanted to separate from Washington, D.C., just as America’s Founding Fathers wanted to separate from Great Britain. The proper names for that war are either, “The War Between the States” or, “The War of Southern Independence,” or, more fittingly, “The War of Northern Aggression.”

Had the South wanted to take over Washington, D.C., they could have done so with the very first battle of the “Civil War.” When Lincoln ordered federal troops to invade Virginia in the First Battle of Manassas (called the “First Battle …

http://megynkelly.org/179680/the-confederate-flag-needs-to-be-raised-not-lowered/

 

Taken from the Memphis Daily Appeal June 23, 1864

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“No man holding a subordinate position in the army has ever taken hold upon the popular confidence as General Forrest. Nature made him a great soldier. His tact and power in controlling men is almost unexplained. His plans and conceptions are bold to the point of audacity. His sagacity and judgement take the form of intuition. His fertility of resources seems well nigh inexhaustible. His vigor, energy and impetuosity which would otherwise plunge him into certain ruin by their native force are qualified by cunning and address which are in a labyrinth of impossible clutches- in a moment the single clue to triumphant extrication and success. Forrest in any arm of the service would be Forrest still-indomitable, sagacious, successful. But Forrest is no more cavalryman, he fights his forces as infantry, and always achieves what, it seems to us, no other man in the service would dare attempt.
Referring to his dispatch of today, we ask if there is another man who would not have pronounced it madness to assail a force of ten thousand with a force of four thousand? The question is its own answer. Any other man would have fallen back and contented himself with harassing the foe as best he could until he was reinforced. Then he would have controlled the Yanks with something like equal numbers and given them perhaps a decent repulse with a loss exceeding what has actually been sustained.
But this fiery, unconquerable soul, who has the faculty of inspiring his men with the same spirit, without a moment’s hesitation fell upon the enemy, twice and half his own number and smote them hand to hand with such fury that after six hours they fled in terror…
Forrest would carry all his unrivaled qualifications into any military position he might occupy, and with a larger field breathe that same indomitable spirit into his followers.”
Memphis Daily Appeal
June 23, 1864

Enoch Elisha Holland My Great Grandfather on my Mother’s Father’s Side (Author Yvonne Mason

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Enoch Elisha Holland born in Houston Co and died in Houston Co Ga. He fought in the Confederate Army in the Phillips’ Legion Infantry Battalion

 

The Phillip’s Legion’s Infantry Battalion formed the infantry component of this Georgia unit. As originally organized in 1861 the Legion contained six infantry companies (A -F) and four cavalry companies. During the spring of 1862, three new infantry companies, L,M and O, were recruited in Cobb and Bartow counties and added to the Infantry Battalion. These nine companies, retaining their original company letter designations, served throughout the remainder of the war. Like almost all Civil War Legions, the infantry and cavalry battalions of the unit were separated early in the war (July 1862).

As was the case with almost all Civil War units, the Legion’s Infantry was frequently known by an alternate designation derived from the name of its commanding officer. Names of this type used by or for the unit are :
William Phillips’ Infantry
Seaborn Jones, Jr.’s Infantry
Robert T. Cook’s Infantry
E. Sandy Barclay’s Infantry
John Norris’ Infantry
Joe Hamilton’s Infantry.

Shortly after being mustered into Confederate service at Lynchburg, Va. on August 9th 1861, the unit was ordered into the mountains of western Virginia (today’s West Virginia) to serve in the Army of the Kanawha under General John B. Floyd. The unit endured brutal winter weather and disease until December 16, 1861 when it was ordered to South Carolina. The unit, now expanded with the addition of companies L, M & O, next served in the Department of South Carolina, Georgia and Florida. In July of 1862 the Battalion returned to Virginia as part of Thomas Drayton’s mixed Georgia, South Carolina brigade, joining the Army of Northern Virginia. It was reassigned to General T R R Cobb’s Georgia brigade in November of 1862 and continued to serve with the ANV until the late summer of 1863 when it was moved west to Georgia along with two divisions of Longstreet’s Corps, serving in the Army of Tennessee at Chattanooga and later in the Department of East Tennessee during the Knoxville campaign. Returned to Virginia in April of 1864, the unit again served in the Army of Northern Virginia. In August of 1864, the unit joined the Army of the Valley District where it served in the Shenandoah Valley until November, 1864. Once again returned to the Army of Northern Virginia, the Battalion served in that Army for the duration of the war.

Specific higher command assignments of the unit are:
Oct. 16, 1861-Floyd’s Brigade, Army of the Kanawha.
Nov. 12, 1861-First Brigade, Army of the Kanawha.
January 1862 -Attached, Sixth Military District of South Carolina, Department of South Carolina, Georgia and Florida.
June 1, 1862-Attached, Fourth Military District of South Carolina, Department of South Carolina, Georgia and Florida.
July 17, 1862-Drayton’s Brigade, D.R. Jones Division, Longstreet’s Command, Army of Northern Virginia.
Nov. 26, 1862-Cobb’s Brigade, McLaw’s Division, First Corps, Army of Northern Virginia.
January 7, 1863-Wofford’s Brigade, McLaws Division, First Corps, Army of Northern Virginia.
September 1863- Wofford’s Brigade, McLaws Division, Longstreet’s Corps, Army of Tennessee
November 1863-Wofford’s Brigade, McLaws-Kershaw’s Division, Department of East Tennessee
May 1, 1864-Wofford’s Brigade, Kershaw’s Division, First Corps, Army of Northern Virginia.
August 31, 1864-Wofford’s Brigade, Kershaw’s Division, Army of the Valley District.
November 1864-Woffords-Dubose’s Brigade, Kershaw’s Division, First Corps, Army of Northern Virginia
December 1864-DuBose’s Brigade, Kershaw’s Division, First Corps, Army of Northern Virginia

Phillip’s Legion, Georgia Volunteers — Col. William Phillip’s in command (until his resignation 2/13/1863)

Infantry Battalion –Lt. Col. Seaborn Jones Jr. (resigned 7/4/1862), Lt. Col. Robert Thomas Cook (KIA at Fredericksburg 12/13/1862), Lt. Col. Elihu S.”Sandy” Barclay, Jr. (resigned 12/31/1863 due to wounds received in 1862), Lt Col Joseph Hamilton
Company A. – “Greene Rifles” – Phillip B. Robinson (resigned Oct 1861), Oliver P. Daniel (resigned 4/27/1863), Frederick C. Fuller (KIA at Spotsylvania 5/10/1864), – Daniel Benjamin Sanford – Greene County
Company B -“Dalton Guards” – Robert Thomas Cook (promoted Lt Col commanding battalion, KIA at Fredericksburg 12/13/1862), Thomas Hamilton – Whitfield County
Company C – “Habersham Rifles” or “Habersham Volunteers” – Elihu S. “Sandy” Barclay, Jr. (promoted to Major of battalion), John S. Norris (promoted to Major of Battalion), – Alexander Smith Erwin – Cobb and Habersham Counties
“ Company D -“Polk Rifles” – Captain Henry Frank Wimberly (resigned 10/3/1862) , John Luthur Dodds – Lieutenant Julius Algernon Peek– Polk County.
Company E – “Blue Ridge Rifles” – Joseph Hamilton (promoted to Major of battalion), Hardy D. Price (MWIA at Fredericksburg 12/13/1862), William H. Barber (resigned 6/29/1864), Capt. Jesse M. McDonald – – Lumpkin County.
Company F. – “Lochrane Guards” – Jackson Barnes (resigned 9/12/1862), Patrick McGovern – Bibb County.
Company L. – “Blackwell Volunteers” – James M Johnson (KIA at Knoxville 11/29/1863) , James Fletcher Lowrey (MWIA at Sailors Creek 4/6/1865) – Cobb County.
Company M – “Denmead Volunteers” – James Franklin McCleskey (resigned 2/1/1863), Samuel Young Harris (MWIA at Sailors Creek 4/6/1865) – Cobb County.
Company O – “Marrietta Guards” – Thomas K. Sproull (resigned 4/25/1863), – Henry Johnson McCormick – Cobb and Bartow County.

Phillip’s Georgia Infantry Legion participated in more than fifty engagements during its wartime career:
October 1861 – Engagements at Cotton Hill, Va (now W.Va.)

August 5, 1862-Engagement, Malvern Hill, Virginia

August 23, 1862 – Engagement, Beverlys Ford, Virginia

August 25, 1862 – Engagement. Waterloo Bridge, Virginia

August 29 – 30, 1862 – Battle of Second Manassas

September 6 – 22, 1862 – Maryland Campaign

September 14, 1862 – Fox’s Gap, (on South Mountain) Maryland (called Battle of Boonsboro by the south)

September 17, 1862 – Battle, Antietam, Maryland (Called Battle of Sharpsburg by the south)

September 19 – 20, 1862 – Skirmishes, Williamsport, Maryland

October 26 – November 10, 1862 – Operations against Loudon, Faquier and Rappahannock Counties, Virginia

December 12 – 15, 1862 – Battle of Fredericksburg, Virginia

April 27 – May 6, 1863 – Chancellorsville Campaign

May 1 – 5, 1863 – Battle of Chancellorsville, Virginia

June 3 – August 1, 1863 – Gettysburg Campaign

July 2 – 3, 1863 – Battle of Gettysburg, Pennsylvania

July 5 – 24, 1863 – Retreat to near Manassas Gap, Virginia

September 22 – 24, 1863 – Engagements near Chattanooga, Tennessee

September 25 – November 13, 1863 – Siege of Chattanooga, Tennessee

November 14 – December 23, 1863 – Knoxville Campaign

November 15, 1863 – Skirmish, Little River, Tennessee

November 17 – December 4, 1863-Siege, Knoxville, Tennessee

November 29, 1863 – Assault, Forts Sanders, Knoxville, Tennessee

January 16 – 17, 1864 – Operations about Dandridge, Tennessee

January 17, 1864 – Action, Dandridge, Tennessee

January 26 – 28, 1864 – Operations against Dandridge, Tennessee

January 27, 1864 – Engagement near Fair Garden, Tennessee

May 4 – June 12, 1864 – Overland Campaign

May 6 – 7, 1864 – Battle of the Wilderness, Virginia

May 8 – 15, 1864 – Battles of Spottsylvania Court House, Laurel Hill, Ny River, Fredericksburg Road, Virginia

May 12, 1864 – Assault on the Salient, Spottsylvania court House, Virginia

May 22 – 26, 1864 – Operations on the line of the North Anna River, Virginia

May 26 – 28, 1864 – Operations on the line of the Pamunkey River, Virginia

May 28 – 31, 1864 – Operations on the line of the Totopotomoy River, Virginia

June 1 – 12, 1864 – Battles about Cold Harbor, Virginia

June 16, 1864 – Assault, Petersburg, Virginia

June 16- August, 1864 – Siege Operations against Petersburg and Richmond, Virginia

June 18, 1864 – Assault, Petersburg, Virginia

July 27 – 29, 1864 – Demonstration on the North Side of the James River and engagements at Deep Bottom,( Darbytown Road), Strawberry Plains and New Market Road, Virginia

July 28, 1864 – Engagement, Malvern Hill, Virginia

August 7 – November 28, 1864 – Operations against Sheridans’s Campaign in the Shenandoah Valley

August 16, 1864 – Engagement, Cedarville, Guard Hill (Front Royal), Virginia

September 2-3, 1864 – Action, Bunker Hill, West Virginia

September 19, 1864 – Battle of Opequan, Winchester, Virginia

September 22, 1864 -Fisher’s Hill, Woodstock, Virginia

October 19, 1864 – Battle, Cedar Creek, Middletown and Belle Grove, Virginia

December 1864-April 2, 1865 – Siege Operations against Petersburg and Richmond, Virginia

March 28-April 9, 1865 – Appomattox Campaign

April 6, 1865 – Battle of Sailors Creek, Virginia

April 9, 1865 – Engagement, Clover Hill, Appomattox Court House, Virginia April 9, 1865 – Surrender, Appomattox Court House, Virginia

An examination of the paroles granted at Appomattox Court House shows that slightly more than ninety officers and enlisted men of Phillip’s Georgia Legion were still with the unit when it surrendered.

For information about Phillip’s Legion contact , Kurt Graham

My Great Grandfather John N Addington and his Brother James (Author Yvonne Mason

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Muster Roll of Company C,18th Georgia Volunteer Infantry Army of Northern Virginia C.S.A. Jackson Co, Georgia, “Jackson County Volunteers”

My greatgrandfather John N Addington served in the Jackson Co Ga Volunteers for the Confederacyaddington - Copy

His father Jessie R Addington also served in the war for the Confederacy :

Name: Jesse R. Addington
Side: Confederate
Regiment State/Origin: Georgia
Regiment Name: 18 Georgia Infantry
Regiment Name Expanded: 18th Regiment, Georgia Infantry
Company: C
Rank In: Private
Rank In Expanded: Private
Rank Out: Private
Rank Out Expanded: Private
Film Number: M226 roll 1

The 18th Georgia Volunteer Infantry was an infantry regiment in the Confederate States Army during the American Civil War. Originally brigaded with the three Texas regiments of John Bell Hood’s Texas Brigade, it was transferred to Thomas R.R. Cobb‘s Georgia Brigade after the Battle of Antietam in late 1862. After General Cobb was mortally wounded at Battle of Fredericksburg, the original colonel of the 18th Georgia, William T. Wofford, became Brigadier General of the Georgia Brigade.

The regiment was organized at Camp Brown, Cobb County, Georgia on April 22, 1861 under a special act of the Georgia legislature and was originally designated First Regiment, Fourth Brigade, State Troops under the following officers: Colonel William T. Wofford of Cass County; Lieutenant Colonel Solon Z. Ruff of theGeorgia Military Institute, Cobb County; Major Jefferson Johnson, Floyd County; Adjutant John C. Griffin, Cobb County. Transferring to Camp MacDonald at Big Shanty (Kennesaw), the regiment drilled for two months after which the “Fourth Brigade” was broken up and sent north on August 2, 1862.[1]

The 18th Georgia was composed of ten companies, mostly from central counties in Georgia.

Initial deployment and service

The 18th Georgia briefly guarded prisoners in Richmond captured at the First Battle of Bull Run (Manassas) and served garrison duty for two weeks in Goldsboro, North Carolina. In November they were sent north to the area of Dumfries, Virginia along the Potomac River where they were attached to the 1st, 4th and 5th Texas regiments to form a “full” brigade.

For the next year they would be an integral member of the Texas Brigade as it fought from the Peninsula Campaign to Antietam. The regiment was first engaged at the Battle of Eltham’s Landing and the Battle of Seven Pines. It served conspicuously during the Seven Days Battle where, along with their Texas compatriots, they broke the line at the Battle of Gaines’ Mill, effectively ending McClellan’s campaign, and resulting in casualties of 37 killed and 106 wounded.

Two months later, the regiment distinguished itself again at the Second Battle of Bull Run where members captured two stands of colors (those of the 24th and 10th New York Infantry regiments), and where, along with the Texas Brigade, they spearheaded Longstreet‘s assault on Pope‘s left, nearly wiping out the 5th New York Zouaves and captured a battery of four guns. Casualties were 37 dead and 87 wounded. Three weeks later, the 18th fought at the Battle of Antietam losing 14 killed and 30 wounded.[citation needed]

Under orders of the Confederate States War Department, the 18th Georgia Infantry was transferred from the Texas Brigade to the Georgia Brigade and went into camp at Fredericksburg, Virginia. In the ensuingBattle of Fredericksburg, the regiment fought behind the stone wall on Marye’s Heights sustaining loses of 14 killed and 30 wounded while inflicting heavy casualties upon the enemy.[citation needed]

 

Issac David Aderhold 1st Cousin 4x Removed (Author Yvonne Mason)

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Transcription of text
Isaac Davis Aderhold (6/26/1834 Franklin Co Ga- 5/26/1880 Montgomery Co Texas m Nancy Elizabeth Jacobs, daughter of Thomas and Mary (Cody) Jacobs. Isaac was a farmer . In 1862 he volunteered for service with Co B,42nd Georgia Infantr. After fighting in several battles inTennessee and Mississipii he was captured in the Battle of Champion Hill at Vicksburg on 5/16/1863. Intially imprisioned at Camp Morton Ind he was transferred to Ft Delaware and later realeased in a prisioner exchanbe on 7/4/1863. Joining the reorganized 42 Georgia Infantry Regt, he was recaptured at Reseca, GA on 5/15/1855, he returned to his home in Gwinnett. Prior to 1868 he moved his family to Mongomery Co TX, but upon his death there his widow returned with her family to Gwinnett. They later moved to Franklin Co GA
Detail
Date
Other information
Web Address

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Issac Davis Aderhold

http://www.42ndgeorgia.com/

 

History of the 42nd Reg’t Ga. Vols., Inf’y,

Confederate States of America

The new year of 1862 opened with the grim realization that the war to repel the Northern invaders was going to involve a long struggle. To quote from Captain W.L. Calhoun (as official historian) “The people of the South believed that the United States Government was a compact between sovereign States, embodied in the fundamental law known as the Constitution, and that it was the duty of the States, as well as the people, to sacredly observe and keep its requirements. For years they realized that unwelcome fact that the North, either through a spirit of envy and hatred, or of aggrandizement, had violated its terms and was seeking to oppress the South and destroy its institutions directly in conflict with the provisions of the Constitution. For this, and for the preservation of the Constitution, they took up arms, not as traitors or to destroy, but to preserve the Government-a principle which is not dead, but must live if the American Government is maintained.” Many of the early Regiments raised in the initial enthusiasm of the spring of 1861 volunteered for 90 days, 6 months or at the most 1 year and their enlistments had or were shortly to expire. President Davis called for more troops and the Secretary of War requisitioned 12 new regiments from the state of Georgia on February 2nd, 1862.

Quotas were assigned by the state to various counties with smaller counties such as Glynn or Pierce assigned as few as 15 and the larger counties 200-340. Gwinnett County was among those with 203 troops, these men were to form Companies A and B of the Forty-second Regiment Georgia Volunteers.

The Regiment was organized and enlisted (for 3 years or the Duration of the war) on the 4th of March 1862, and assembled at Camp McDonald with Companies A and B from Gwinnett; C from Milton; D from DeKalb; E and F from Newton; G and H from Walton; and I and K from Fulton County. They were mostly young farmers with the exception of Company K raised by Captain W.L. Calhoun in the city of Atlanta.

The organization was completed with the election on March 20th of Robert J. Henderson, Colonel; R.F. Maddox, Lieut. Col.; William H. Hulsey, Major; Hugh M. Wylie, Adjutant; B.W. Adams, Quartermaster; Joseph R. Simmons, Commissary; John S. Wilson, Surgeon; John A. Dunn, Ass’t Surgeon; Egbert B. Rosser, Sergeant Major; T.D. Goodson, Color Sergeant; W.G. Cockerell, Musician; and J.J. Frederick, Teamster. Lovick Pierce Thomas as election Captain of Company A; Benjamin Putnam Weaver, Co. B; Henry W. Paris, Co. C; Nathan Clay, Co. D; Thomas J. Mercer, Co. E; James M. Summers, Co. F; Enoch E. McCollum, Co. G; J.T. Mitchell, Co. H; John H. Barrett, Sr., Co. I; and Robert F. Maddox (elected Lt. Col. and replaced by William L. Calhoun on March 20) Co. K.

The companies soon acquired their nicknames: Co. A-“Gwinnett Beauregards”; Co. B-“Independent Rebels”; Co. C-“Milton Tigers”; Co. D-“DeKalb Rangers”; Co. E-“Harper Guards”; Co. F-“Newton Rifles or Newton Rangers”; Co. G-“Walton Blues”; Co. H-“Walton Tigers”; Co. I-“Fulton Blues” and Co. K-“Calhoun Guards”.

The men trained at Camp McDonald, located at Big Shanty (Kennesaw) for approximately five weeks and were issued uniforms, arms and equipment. As is common with men crowded together for the first time, sickness broke out and there were many deaths. Captain Weaver of Co. B requested and received on March 24, 2 wall tents with flies and pins, 15 axes, 9 camp kettles, 9 buckets, 19 mess pans, 4 spades, 2 hatchets, 9 ovens on spiders with lids, 95 tin cups, and 6 frying pans. He also requested 19 common tents but none were available.

General Robert E. Lee, on March 28, from his Richmond headquarters, telegraphed Major General Edmund Kirby Smith, Commander of the Department of the East Tennessee, Confederate States Army, Knoxville, that he had ordered six newly formed Georgia volunteer infantry regiments – the 39thh, 40th, 41st, 42nd, 43rd, and 52nd – and one battalion, the 9th, to report to him at once. The 42nd Regiment, Georgia Volunteers, was officially mustered into the Confederate Army on April 11, 1862 and left Big Shanty on April 16, 1862 to join Brig. General Carter L. Stevenson’s Second Brigade in the Department of East Tennessee. Union Troops of the Seventh Division of the Army of Ohio were massing at Cumberland Ford under Brigadier General George W. Morgan with orders from Gen. Buell to take Cumberland Gap. The 42nd GA was sent to Knoxville, Tennessee and from there marched to Cumberland Gap where they were first under fire. Colonel James E. Rains was then in command of the 2nd Brigade.

On the 6th + 7th of June Gen. Buell (U.S.) caused a diversion to be made by an advance part of Gen. O. M. Mitchell’s Federal command from N. Alabama to the river opposite Chattanooga and Gen. E. Kirby Smith hastened to its rescue with two Brigades weakening the defenses in East Tennessee. General Carter L. Stevenson was left in command of the Cumberland Gap area and Gen. Smith ordered its evacuation. Col. J.E. Rains Brigade, on June 17th, was sent by Gen. Stevenson to cover the withdrawal of Cumberland Gap. Union Forces advanced as far as Tazewell where the 42nd was second under fire but the Union forces then withdrew to the Cumberland Gap where they entrenched for the summer under siege.

In August, Generals Bragg and Kirby, leading separate columns, began the invasion of Kentucky. Gen. Smith moved northward from Knoxville via Clinton and Richmond to Frankfort, Ky. With an engagement occurring at Richmond, Ky. On August 30 1862, Gen. Stevenson’s Division did not join forces with General Bragg’s combined forces until after the Battle of Perryville on Oct 8 but participated in the withdrawal from Perryville to London, Kentucky from Oct 10-22. The five Georgia Regiments: 40th, 41st, 42nd, 43rd, and 52nd were formed into the First Brigade under Brigade General Seth M. Barton and in mid-December, together with other units of Stevenson’s Division were ordered to report to Lt. Gen. John C. Pemberton at Vicksburg, Miss. Were Federal forces under Maj. Gen. William T. Sherman were preparing to mount an amphibious assault. The assault began on December 26 and Barton’s Brigade distinguished itself in action at Chickasaw Bayou on December 27 + 28 and the assault on Chickasaw Bluff on Dec 29. During these four days Barton’s Brigade lost 13 men and 2 officers killed and 34 men and 5 officers wounded for a total of 54 casualties.

The 42nd Georgia is praised in both General Pemberton’s and General S.D. Lee’s report regarding the Battle of Chickasaw Bayou. The 42nd Georgia and the 28th Louisiana were stationed to the far left of the Confederate line on the 28th of December when a strong force of the enemy with heavy artillery support attempted to break the left flank and were repulsed with heavy casualties. Col. Henderson was also given favorable notice in the official report.
Iron tablet located outside of Vicksburg National Military Park on former park property in the City of Vicksburg, on the east side of Confederate Avenue approximately .6 mile south of All Saints School. This unit was attached to Brig. Gen. Seth M. Barton’s 1st Brigade of Maj. Gen. Carter L. Stevenson’s Division, Lt. Gen. John C. Pemberton’s Army of Vicksburg and was commanded by Col. R. J. Henderson.

Barton’s Brigade was then transferred south of Vicksburg into the swamps below the city where they experienced horrible conditions before being moved back into the city. Later they were again returned to the swamps. They were involved in the Battle of Champion Hill (Baker’s Creek) on May 16, 1862 where it was noted they fought bravely when there was a massive early morning surprise attack by Grant and in fact brought up the rear of the retreating army across the Big Black River on May 17. The army retreated into Vicksburg and the formal siege began.

Barton’s Brigade suffered 42% losses including killed, wounded, missing and captured. General Barton in his June 18 report praised his soldiers for their “marked and distinguished gallantry”. The 42nd GA then endured 47 days and nights in the trenches, where half starved and poorly armed, it resisted the assaults of the enemy.

Vicksburg surrendered on July 4, 1863 and Barton’s Brigade was paroled July 6th and sent home via Mobile, Alabama. After a 30 day furlough, the 42nd GA reorganized at Decatur, GA. When exchanged, they were assigned to Northwest Georgia. General Barton was transferred to the Army of Northern Virginia and he was replaced by Brigadier General Marcellus A. Stovall and the Brigade was placed in Major General Alexander P. Stewart’s Division., Major-General John C. Breckenridge’s Corps. Army of Tennessee.

The Regiment next saw action at the Battle of Missionary Ridge on November 24, 1863 (official records state that Major W.H. Hulsey was in command of the 42nd during this battle). The Army of Tennessee then wintered near Dalton, Georgia and General Bragg resigned on December 1, 1863 and was replaced by General Joseph E. Johnson on December 27. General Johnson immediately undertook to rebuild the demoralized Army of Tennessee. He established cordial relations with Governor Joseph E. Brown of Georgia (which controlled the Western and Atlanta Railroad) and saw to it that his men were resupplied and re-outfitted with shoes, clothing, arms and adequately fed.

As the winter progressed the strength of the Army was increased by the return of several thousand absentees-straggles and quasi-deserts, due to his general amnesty and the feeling the men had in a commander they could trust. They were also to be reinforced by Polk’s Corp. with 10,000 infantry and 4,000 cavalry, due to join Johnson’s Army in late spring. Sherman meanwhile was massing troops and supplies for the drive to Atlanta.

On February 26, 1864, the Army of Tennessee was thrown into line of battle and the enemy advanced with a strong reconnoitering force. The 42ndGeorgia Regiment was placed on advance skirmish line; said line running from Mill Creek along a low foot hill to the base of a high ridge known as “Rocky Face” and then along the crest of said highridge. Col. Henderson deployed Companies G and H on the foothill, and all other companies on the high ridge, except C and I, which were held in reserve. A charge commanded by Brigadier General C.J. Dickerson of Michigan was stubbornly repulsed and driven back by a countercharge led by Lt. Stubbs with several Federal officers being killed and several captured, among the latter being General Dickerson, whose sword was worn by Lt. Stubbs until the close of the war. The only casualties were Captain Mitchell wounded in the arm and private J.H. Lee, Co. I, killed. With the failure of the other federal forces of the Army of the Cumberland in attacks on Dug Gap and Crow reek Valley, Sherman withdrew to Chattanooga to wait for spring.

On May 7, Sherman moved out of Chattanooga and while Thomas and Schofield’s Armies demonstrated in front of Rock Face Ridge where the Army of Tennessee was entrenched. Thomas’ men assaulted Buzzard Roost Gap (Mill Creek Gap) tree times with heavy losses on May 8, 1864. The 42nd GA. as part of Hood’s Corps., Participated in this at New Hope Church where they were involved as skirmishers under the command of Captain J. M. Summers (of Co. F). They received great praise for fighting in open woods without the slightest protection of breastwork and stubbornly contesting every inch of ground against overwhelming numbers. The Regiment lost two killed, twenty wounded and three missing; light casualties that Capt. Thomas attributed to the confusion caused by their first volley that surprised the enemy, being followed by wild shooting on their part. Col. Abda Johnson, then commanding Stovall’s Brigade, praised Captain Summers in his official report of the battle and states he “held his ground until the skirmishers on his right had been driven to the rear; in fact he hold a portion of this ground (on the left) during the action and rendered important service in protecting the left flank for the brigade”.

Sherman’s relentless progress by flanking marches pushed him closer to the city of Atlanta that he regarded as the key to the Confederacy. The 42ndGeorgia was involved in his bloody repulse when he abandoned this strategy and attempted to attack Joe Johnson’s Army headon at Kennesaw. Sherman again sidestepped and was able to cross the Chattahoochee River and Gen. Johnson was forced to retreat to the defenses of Atlanta. On July 17, 1864, President Davis, upset by Sherman’s advances, replaced Gen. Johnson with Gen. John B. Hood, who promised action.

The 42nd was involved in the siege of Atlanta, home territory for much of the regiment, which included the Atlanta men. They were the men who stood in the trenches and sallied forth to drive back the advancing foe in the Battle of Peachtree Creek on the 19th and 20th of July 1864 and the one, which followed on the 22nd. On that fateful day of the 22nd, it was the 42nd Georgia under Colonel L. P. Thomas, and the 1st Georgia State troops under Colonel Albert Howell, who won mention of bravery for daring and intrepid conduct. It was their capture of De Gress’ battery which was the startling and desperate event of the 22nd of July. Sherman with 100,000 men and 200 pieces of artillery was met by Gen. Hood with only 30,000 men. The 42ndGeorgia marched one and a half miles through whistling shells and balls until Sherman’s line was broken by their solid front and De Gress’ battery of four 20 pound Parrott guns was captured. Colonel Thomas led the Regiment in this desperate charge. He won great praise for conspicuous gallantry and heroism for the capture of that great battery. This Regiment was the first to carry the enemies’ works, fighting hand to hand against fearful odds-one man killing a Federal with a shovel. De Gress’ battery, beside many prisoners and accouterments were captured and held for nearly two hours, and until then they were left along when a retreat was ordered.

Mr. H.Y. Snow and Mr. W.M. Durham, residents of Atlanta, who were witnesses to the battle, related after the war the remarkable instances of bravery they saw that day. They said “Some of the soldiers used their bayonets on the enemy. Others clubbed their guns and mowed everything down in their way. One sergeant broke his gun when right on top of the breastworks. He dropped it, seized a spade, and killed and disabled several of the enemy. Nearly every man lost on that fatal day by the 42nd Georgia fell on top of the enemy’s entrenchments or in front of them.”

On General Sherman’s first visit to Atlanta after the war, and while he was General of the Army, he rode with Colonel Evan P. Howell over his battlefield and told him personally that he watched the charge made by Stovall’s Brigade and remarked “There was not more gallant charge made during the war than the one made on that occasion.”

The 42nd participated in the Battle of Jonesborough before being forced with the rest of Hood’s Army to evacuate Atlanta and begin his disastrous invasion of Tennessee in the fall of 1864. At the bloody defeat at Franklin on Nov. 30, the 42nd Georgia again protected the rear of the retreating army, at which time Captain Weaver of Co. B and others were killed. December brought the decisive battle of Nashville on the 15th and 16th with the Federal forces under Gen. Thomas destroying the Army of Tennessee under Gen. Hood as a cohesive fighting unit.

The Army retreated southward towards the Tennessee River with Lee’s Corps helping form the rearguard until he was wounded and General Stevenson assumed Corps Command.

The Army went into camp at Tupelo where General Hood resigned on January 13th and bade final farewell to the Army on January 23, 1865. Gen. Dick Taylor was briefly in command of the Army of Tennessee before the troops were ordered to South Carolina. Stevenson’s Corp left first, followed by Cheatham’s and Stewart’s Corps. A circuitous route was followed on foot to West Point, Miss. And on railroad cars to Meridian, thence to Selma, Alabama through Demopolis. From Selma, by steamboat to Montgomery and from there by train to Columbus, GA. From Columbus they marched to Macon, to Milledgeville, to Mayfield where they once again took the cars for Augusta. From there they were marched to Newberry, South Carolina.

February brought the cheering news that Robert E. Lee, now Commander in Chief of all Confederate Forces, reappointed General Joseph E. Johnson to command the Army. “Old Joe” was back! He arrived in Charlotte on February 24th and took command of this scattered army. He later said that only 5,000 of the army he had turned over to Hood at Atlanta finally reached the Carolinas. The 42nd Georgia was consolidated at this time with the 36thGeorgia and parts of the 34th and 56th Georgia and designated as the 42nd Georgia Consolidated Infantry under the command of Lt. Col. L. P. Thomas, in Henderson’s Brigade, S.D. Lee’s Corps.

On the 19th, 20th and 21st of March 1865, near Bentonville, N.C. was fought one of the last battles of the war. The Confederate force engaged about fourteen thousand, infantry and artillery, the cavalry being employed on the enemy’s flanks, and the Federal Army exceeding seventy thousand men. The Federal attacks were repulsed at all points, and the Confederates were highly elated at the results. The 42nd GA participated in this battle, and Col. Robert J. Henderson, then commanding a brigade, won great distinction for his skill and bravery, as well as promotion to General.

Col. L.P. Thomas writing after the war recounted the last great battle: “We were marching along the main road leading from Smithfield Station towards Bentonville, and had just crossed a small stream. Firing could be heard in the distance, and movements of couriers and aides rushing her and there indicated a battle on hand. We filed to the right of the road, and rapidly took position in line of battle: the 42nd GA being on the right, and constituting one half of Stovall’s Brigade, which had been marched and fought down to an alarmingly small number, but those who were still in line were true and tried. Our position was taken only a short distance from the main road, and now we were on the battlefield of Bentonville, where we were to fight our last battle: no time to throw up breastworks, but the boys availed themselves of time to cut down small pine limbs, which, to some extent, hid them from view of the advancing enemy.”

He continues “Here they came, our skirmish line gradually giving way and falling back into the line of battle. My orders had gone up and down the line repeatedly, instructing the men and officer to keep down-hold fire, and await a sign, or orders: even threatening those who should first disobey. ‘Tis not strange, then, that men who had fought in twenty-one battles carried out my orders to the letter. Well, here they came. Our line absorbed our skirmishers, and the way was clear in front for the music of battle to commence-but not a gun was fired, and bravely onward the enemy marched in grand style-nearer and nearer they came. When not over forty or fifty paces from us, the order so anxiously awaited was given, and a sheet of fire blazed out from the hidden battle line of the Forty-Second Georgia that was demoralizing and fatal to the enemy. They halted, reeled and staggered, while we poured volley after volley into them, and great gaps were made in their line, as brave Federals fell everywhere-their colors would rise and fall just a few feet from us, and many a gallant boy in blue buried there in those pines who held “Old Glory” up for a brief moment. Their battle line was driven back in grand style that day, and the arms secured from the fallen foe immediately in our front equipped an entire regiment of North Carolina soldiers who had inferior guns. The enemy, repulsed and forced to retreat, reformed their battle line again, not far away.”

The Forty-Second was ordered to get ready to move forward and Col. Thomas further states “We were to ‘lead the charge’. The order came, and the movement all along the lien of the brigade, confirming to the right, was in splendid order, and the first line of Federals was soon in view; over which we passed without a battle, sweeping all before us. It was grand to behold. Onward we moved for perhaps half a mile or so, carrying everything before us. At this point, where there were converging roads, we came to a halt, and were ordered to rearrange our lines, which were scattered by the charge just made.” They were informed they had done enough for the day. The day was won, the last great battle of the Army of Tennessee.

General Johnson and Sherman agreed to a truce on the 18th of April with the final surrender at Bennett’s home, near Durham Station, North Carolina on April 26, 1865. The army was encamped around Greensboro-our brigade at High Point where we stacked arms for the last time. Payrolls were furnished and our army paid from the specie saved. It had been run out from Richmond under guard, and was through the quartermaster of our regiment paid out to us, each receiving a Mexican silver dollar-officer and men alike.

The surrender terms allows officers to retain their sidearms and their private horses and baggage. The men in the ranks were also to keep their horses and private property and have the use of army wagons and horses “for their march to their houses and in subsequent industrial pursuits”. Each returning body of soldiers was allows a number of rifles, equal to one-seventh of their numeral strength, for protection and hunting on the way. The men of the Forty-Second obtained on wagon and their old regimental ambulance and on May 2, 1865, they headed for home.

 

Engagements the Forty-Second Georgia was involved in during its existence:

** 1862 **

Campaign, Cumberland Gap, Tenn. May 31-June 18

Occupation, Cumberland Gap, Tenn. June 18

Battle, Richmond (Mount Zion Church), Ky. August 30

Engagement, White’s Farm, Richmond, Ky. August 30

Retreat from Perryville to London, Ky. October 10-22

Action, Chickasaw Bayou (Vicksburg, Miss.) December 27-28

Assault, Chickasaw Bluff, Miss. December 29

** 1863 **

Battle, Champion’s Hill, Baker’s Creek May 16

(Edward’ Depot), Miss.

Engagement, Big Black River Bridge, Miss. May 18-July 4

Siege, Vicksburg, Miss May 18-July 4

Assault, Vicksburg, Miss. May 19

Assault, Vicksburg, Miss. May 21

Surrender, Vicksburg, Miss. July 4

Siege, Chattanooga, Tenn. November ?-23

Campaign, Chattanooga, Tenn. & Ringgold, Ga. November 23-27

Actions, Tunnel Hill, Terminus of Missionary Ridge, Tenn. November 24

Assault and Capture, Missionary Ridge, Tenn. November 24-25

** 1864 **

Atlanta Campaign May 1-September 8

Demonstration against Rocky Faced Ridge, Ga. May 8-11

Combat, Buzzard’s Roost Gap (Mill Creek), Ga. May 8-9

Battle, Resaca, Ga. May 14-15

Engagement, Adairsville, Ga. May 17

Combats near Cassville, Ga. May 18-19

Operations on the line of Pumpkin Vine Creek May 25-June 5

And Battles about Dallas, New Hope Church,

and Allatoona Hills, Ga.

Combat, New Hope Church, Ga. May 25

Operations about Marietta and June 10-July2

Against Kennesaw Mountain, Ga.

Combats about Pine Hill, Ga. June 11-14

Combats about Lost Mountain, Ga. June 15-17

Assault, Kennesaw Mountain, Ga. June 27

Operations on the line of Nickajack Creek, Ga. July 2-5

Operations on the line of Chattahoochee River, Ga. July 5-17

Battle, Peachtree Creek, Ga. July 19-20

Siege, Atlanta, Ga. July 23-August 25

Battle, Ezra’s Chapel, Ga. July 28

Battle, Jonesborough, Ga. August 31-September 1

Hood’s Operations in Northern Ga. September 29-November 3

and N. Alabama

Battle, Franklin, Tenn. November 30

Battle, Nashville, Tenn. December 15-16

Retreat to the Tenn. River near Bridgeport, Al. December 17-28

Action, Hollow Tree Gap, Tenn. December 17

Action, West Haroeth River, Tenn. December 17

** 1865 **

Campaign of the Carolinas March ? – April 26

Actions, Edisto River, Binaker’s Bridge, Orangeburg,

Winston

Battle, Averysborough (Taylor’s Hole Creek), NC. March 16

Battle, Bentonville, NC. March 19-21

Surrender, Bennett’s House April 26

(Durham Station), NC.

Source Information

Source Title (view source details)
Gwinnett County Families 1818-1968

Several of my Ancestors Fought for the Confederacy- (Author Yvonne Mason)

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My 3rd great grandfather fought for the Confederacy. He was born in 1800 in Pendleton SC and moved with his family to Franklin Co Ga before the war. He died in in August 1875 eleven years after the war. His county saw complete destruction as Sherman made his march to the sea.

Name: Lewis Aderhold
Side: Confederate
Regiment State/Origin: Georgia
Regiment Name: Capt. Kay’s Company, Georgia Infantry Franklin County Guards
Regiment Name Expanded: Kay’s Company, Georgia Infantry (Franklin County Guards)
Film Number: M226 roll 1

 

His son Francis Aderhold also fought on the side of the Confederacy He was my second great grandfather

Name: F Aderhold
Residence: Franklin County, Georgia
Enlistment Date: 20 Oct 1863
Side Served: Confederacy
State Served: Georgia

 

Kay’s Company Infantry Franklin County Guards
Format by C. W. Barnum
Return to Georgia Infantry CSA Index
67 Names
Last Name First Name Grade Discharge Grade
Adams Silas unknown unknown
Aderhold Abram unknown unknown
Aderhold John H. unknown unknown
Aderhold Lewis unknown unknown
Ayers Daniel unknown unknown
Ayers Jedidiah unknown unknown
Ayers William C. unknown unknown
Bagwell Albert G. unknown unknown
Bagwell James M. unknown unknown
Bagwell William W. unknown unknown
Bellamy Gilbert F. unknown unknown
Bolding Lewis D. unknown unknown
Burgess Abner unknown unknown
Burgess Reuben unknown unknown
Cawthon William unknown unknown
Chappelear James H. Third Lieutenant Third Lieutenant
Clarke Wiley unknown unknown
Crow Matthew M. unknown unknown
Crow William T. unknown unknown
Crymes Robert D. unknown unknown
Duncan Moses unknown unknown
Fowler James unknown unknown
Fulbright John unknown unknown
Gant James A. First Sergeant First Sergeant
Garner Joseph unknown unknown
Gilmore William H. Private Private
Heaton Sanford Private Private
Hill Matthew unknown unknown
Hill William Sergeant Sergeant
Hughes Hezekiah unknown unknown
Hunter William M. unknown unknown
Jones Joseph H. unknown unknown
Kay Silas W. Captain Captain
Kirk Benjamin F. unknown unknown
Langston Elihu unknown unknown
Lecroy Thomas unknown unknown
Little Crawford H. First Lieutenant First Lieutenant
Looney Martin L. unknown unknown
Manly Daniel J. unknown unknown
Marshall Sterling unknown unknown
Mauldin John unknown unknown
Mayfield Edward W. Private Private
McIntyre Joseph W. unknown unknown
Mitchell James C. unknown unknown
Mitchell William W. unknown unknown
Morris Thomas unknown unknown
Page Robert unknown unknown
Payne David H. unknown unknown
Payne Jesse M. unknown unknown
Peoples Lewis unknown unknown
Pinson Marmaduke unknown unknown
Roach Forrester unknown unknown
Sewell Riley unknown unknown
Solsbee Abner unknown unknown
Stephens Stephen B. unknown unknown
Stoner John unknown unknown
Stovall Henry F. unknown unknown
Thomas Jesse unknown unknown
Thomason Solomon D. unknown unknown
Vaughan Archibald A. E. unknown unknown
Weaver Frederick A. unknown unknown
Weaver Frederick A. unknown unknown
Weldon Welborn Second Lieutenant Second Lieutenant
Wellborn William R. Private Private
Whitt John unknown unknown
Willis Benjamin F. unknown unknown
Wood John F. unknown unknown
Wright Robert A.J. unknown unknown

 

A Letter to Anna Jackson

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In a letter to his wife, Anna, Jackson describes the battle.

Manassas, July 23, 1861

My Precious Pet,

Yesterday we fought a great battle and gained a great victory, for which all the glory is due to God alone. Although under a heavy fire for several continuous hours, I received only one wound, the breaking of the longest finger of my left hand; but the doctor says the finger can be saved. It was broken about midway between the hand and knuckle, the ball passing on the side next the fore finger. Had it struck the centre, I should have lost the finger. My horse was wounded, but not killed. Your coat got an ugly wound near the hip, but my servant, who is very handy, has so far repaired it that it doesn’t show very much. My preservation was entirely due, as was the glorious victory, to our God, to whom be all honor, praise and glory. The battle was the hardest that I have been in, but not near so hot in its fire. I commanded the centre more particularly, though one of my regiment extended to the right for some distance. There were other commanders on my right and left. Whilst great credit is due to other parts of our gallant army, God made my brigade more instrumental than any other in repulsing the main attack. This is for your information only — say nothing about it. Let others speak praise, not myself.